Welcome to JTIS!

Journal of Tertiary and Industrial Sciences

JTIS is a multidisciplinary online blind peer review open access journal. It encourages the publication of outstanding and original theoretical and empirical papers which aim at fasting decision making and sustain development.

The Editorial Board

Supervision:

Professor Ngomo Horace Manga

University of Buea

Editor-in-Chief:

Prof. Akume Daniel Akume, University of Buea, Cameroon

Associate Editors:

Prof. Ebune B. Joseph, University of Buea, Cameroon

Prof. Defang Henry, University of Buea, Cameroon

Prof. Lissouck Daniel, University of Buea, Cameroon

Advisory Editors:

Prof. Tabi Johannes Atemnkeng, University of Buea, Cameroon

Prof. Leno Doris, University of Buea, Cameroon

Prof. Lyonga N. Agnes Ngale, University of Buea, Cameroon

Members of the Editorial Board:

Prof. Yamb Belle Emmanuel, University of Douala, Cameroon

Prof. Ambe Njoh Jonathan, University of South Florida, USA

Prof. John Akande, Bowen University, Nigeria

Prof. Talla Pierre Kisito, University of Dschang, Cameroon

Prof. Rosemary Shafack, University of Buea, Cameroon

Prof. Njimanted Godfrey Forgha, University of Bamenda, Cameroon

Prof. Nzalie Joseph, University of Buea, Cameroon

Prof. Mouange Ruben, IUT University of Ngaoundere, Cameroon

Prof. Boum Alexander, University of Buea, Cameroon

Prof. Patrick Wanyu Kongnyuy, University of Bamenda, Cameroon

Prof. Tchuen Ghyslain, IUT Badjoun, University of Dschang, Cameroon

Prof. Rose Frii-Manyi Anjoh, University of Buea, Cameroon

Prof. Foadieng Emmanuel, University of Buea, Cameroon

Prof. Tchinda Rene, IUT Badjoun, University of Dschang, Cameroon

Prof. Tabi Pascal Tabot, University of Buea, Cameroon

Prof. Katte Valentine, University of Bamenda, Cameroon

Prof. Zinkeng Martina, University of Buea, Cameroon

Prof. Obama Belinga Christian Theophile, University of Ebolowa, Cameroon

Prof. Nkongho Anyi Joseph, University of Buea, Cameroon

Prof. Cordelia Givecheh Kometa, University of Buea, Cameroon

Prof. Ngouateu Wouagfack Paiguy, University of Buea, Cameroon

Prof. Tchakoutio Alain, University of Buea, Cameroon

Prof. Morfaw Betrand, University of Buea, Cameroon

Prof. Tamba Gaston, IUT University, Douala, Cameroon

Prof. Koumi Simon, ENS, Ebolowa, University of Yaounde I

Prof. Ajongakoh Raymond, University of Buea, Cameroon

Prof. Ntabe Eric, University of Buea, Cameroon

Prof. Kinfack Juetsa Aubin, University of Buea, Cameroon

Prof. Bahel Benjamin, University of Buea, Cameroon

Prof. Agbortoko Ayuk Nkem, University of Buea, Cameroon

Dr. Abanda Henry Fonbiyen, Oxford Brookes University, UK

Dr. Luis Alberto Torrez Cruz, University of Witwatersrand, South Africa

Dr. Negou Ernest, University of Buea, Cameroon

Dr. Aloyem Kaze Claude Vidal, University of Buea, Cameroon

Dr. Mfombep Priscilla Mebong, University of Buea, Cameroon

Dr. Asoba Gillian, University of Buea, Cameroon

Dr. Massa Ernest, University of Buea, Cameroon

Dr. Mouzong Pemi, University of Buea, Cameroon

Dr. Orock Fidelis Tanyi, University of Buea, Cameroon

Dr. Wanie Clarkson Mvo, University of Bamenda, Cameroon

Dr. Molombe Jeff Mbella, University of Buea, Cameroon

Dr. Emmanuel Tata Sunjo, University of Buea, Cameroon

Dr. Ndi Roland Akoh, University of Yaounde I, Cameroon

Dr. Nkenganyi Fonkem Marcellus, University of Buea, Cameroon

Dr. Hannah Kolle, University of Buea, Cameroon

Dr. Kamda Silapeux Aristide, University of Buea, Cameroon

Dr. Roland Ndah Njoh, University of Buea, Cameroon

Managing Editor:

Dr. Negou Ernest, University of Buea, Cameroon

Editorial Members

• Prof. Yamb Belle Emmanuel, University of Douala, Cameroon
• Ambe J. Njoh, Ph.D., Professor of Environmental Science & Policy, School of Geosciences,
University of South Florida, USA

• Prof. John Akande, Bowen University, Nigeria
• Prof. Talla Pierre Kisito, University of Dschang, Cameroon
• Prof. Rosemary Shafack, University of Buea, Cameroon
• Prof. Njimanted Godfrey Forgha, University of Bamenda, Cameroon
• Prof. Nzalie Joseph, University of Buea, Cameroon
• Prof. Mouange Ruben, Polythechnic Douala, University of Douala, Cameroon
• Prof. Patrick Wanyu Kongnyuy, University of Bamenda, Cameroon
• Prof. Tchuen Ghyslain, IUT Badjoun, University of Dschang, Cameroon
• Prof. Tchinda Rene, IUT Badjoun, University of Dschang, Cameroon
• Dr. Ntabe Eric, University of Buea, Cameroon
• Dr. Katte Valentine, University of Bamenda, Cameroon
• Dr. Abanda Henry Fonbiyen, Oxford Brookes University, UK
• Dr. Luis Alberto Torrez Cruz, University of Witwatersrand, South Africa
• Dr. Rose Frii-Manyi Anjoh, University of Buea, Cameroon
• Dr. Andrew Eyoh Edjua, University of Buea, Cameroon
• Dr. Tabi Pascal Tabot, University of Buea, Cameroon
• Dr. Aloyem Kaze Claude Vidal, University of Bamenda, Cameroon
• Prof. Boum Alexander, University of Buea, Cameroon
• Dr. Mfombep Priscilla Mebong, University of Buea, Cameroon
• Dr. Zinkeng Martina, University of Buea, Cameroon
• Dr. Obama Belinga Christian Theophile, University of Yaounde I, Cameroon
• Dr. Sigala Maxwell Fokum, University of Bamenda, Cameroon
• Dr. Nkongho Anyi Joseph, University of Buea, Cameroon
• Dr. Agbortoko M. Ayuk Nkem, University of Buea, Cameroon
• Dr. Tamba Gaston, IUT University, Douala, Cameroon
• Dr. Koumi Simon, ENS, Ebolowa, University of Yaounde I
• Dr. Bahel Benjamin, University of Buea, Cameroon
• Dr. Nkenganyie Fonkem Marcellus, University of Buea, Cameroon
• Dr. Ajongakoh Raymond, University of Buea, Cameroon
• Dr. Orock Fidelis Tanyi, University of Buea, Cameroon
• Dr. Wanie Clarkson Mvo, University of Bamenda, Cameroon
• Dr. Kinfack Aubin, University of Buea, Cameroon
• Dr. Leno Doris, University of Buea, Cameroon
• Dr. Kenfack Pierre, University of Buea, Cameroon
• Dr. Kamda Silapeux Aristide, University of Buea, Cameroon
Language Editors:
• Prof. Ebune B. Joseph, University of Buea, Cameroon
• Prof. Agnes Lyonga, University of Buea, Cameroon
• Dr. Zinkeng Martina, University of Buea, Cameroon
• Dr. Mfombep Priscilla, University of Buea, Cameroon
• Mr. Ngwane, University of Buea, Cameroon
Statistical Editors:
• Prof. Njimanted Godfrey Forgha, University of Bamenda, Cameroon
• Dr. Tabi Pascal Tabot, University of Buea, Cameroon
• Dr. Suh Jude, University of Buea, Cameroon
Technical Support:
• Mr. Nang-Song Herman, University of Buea, Cameroon