Ebako Relindis Eloe¹, Negou Ernest¹ and Etape Emmanuel Ntungwe²

• (1) Department of Management Sciences
• (2) Department of Administrative Techniques

HTTTC Kumba, University of Buea, Cameroon

Corresponding Author: negou.ernest@ubuea.cm

To cite : Ebako et al. (2026), The Impact of Network Coverage On Customer Satisfaction. Case Study: Cameroon Telecommunication (CAMTEL) Kumba Branch. The Journal of Tertiary and Industrial Sciences, Volume(2), 94–133. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20583410

Submission Date: 13/03/2026                                                                                      Acceptance Date: 05/06/2026

Abstract

This study examined the relationship between network coverage and customer satisfaction among CAMTEL subscribers in Kumba Municipality, Cameroon. A quantitative research approach with a  causal research design was adopted. Data were collected using structured questionnaires administered to a sample of 200 respondents selected from an accessible population of 400 CAMTEL subscribers using stratified random sampling. The data were analysed using SPSS, employing descriptive statistics, Pearson Product Moment Correlation, and multiple regression analysis to test the relationships between variables and the stated hypotheses. The findings revealed that technological network coverage has a strong negative and significant relationship with customer satisfaction (r = -0.892, p < 0.001), indicating that poor technological infrastructure negatively affects satisfaction levels. Similarly, geographical network coverage also showed a strong negative and significant relationship with customer satisfaction (r = -0.784, p < 0.001), reflecting widespread dissatisfaction due to uneven network distribution, particularly in suburban and rural areas. In contrast, service-based network coverage demonstrated a strong positive and significant relationship with customer satisfaction (r = 0.684, p < 0.01), suggesting that improvements in voice, data, and broadband services contribute positively to customer experience. Regression analysis further showed that network coverage dimensions collectively explain a significant proportion of the variation in customer satisfaction, with service-based coverage contributing positively while technological and geographical coverage negatively influence satisfaction. The study concludes that customer satisfaction among CAMTEL subscribers in Kumba is significantly influenced by network coverage, though gaps in technological infrastructure and geographical accessibility limit overall satisfaction. While improvements in service-based network coverage are recognized, they have not fully translated into customer loyalty due to concerns about value for money and service consistency. Based on the findings, the study recommends that CAMTEL should prioritize upgrading its technological infrastructure, particularly 4G and fibre-optic services, expand network coverage to underserved rural and suburban areas, and enhance the consistency of service delivery. Additionally, the company should review its pricing strategies to improve perceived value, strengthen customer service, and implement customer retention initiatives. These measures will help bridge the gap between service improvements and customer expectations, ultimately enhancing satisfaction and loyalty among subscribers in Kumba Municipality.

Keywords: Network Coverage, technological network coverage, geographical network coverage, service-based network coverage, fibre-optic

Dazoue Dongue Guy Paulin¹, Ntavoua Samuel Honore² and Ngassa Nya Yve Daniel¹

• Lecturer at the Faculty of Economics and Management, University of Maroua, Cameroon
• Lecturer at the Faculty of Economics and Management, University of Yaoundé II, Cameroon

Corresponding Author: dazouedongue@gmail.com

To cite: Dazoue et al. (2026), The Effect of Digitalisation on Tax Revenues from International Transactions in Sub-Saharan Africa. The Journal of Tertiary and Industrial Sciences, JTIS, 6(2), 116–135. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20611587

Submission Date: 17/02/2026                                                                                      Acceptance Date: 28/05/2026

Abstract

This study looks at how digitalisation affects the tax revenues that Sub-Saharan African countries collect from international transactions. Using data from 31 countries between 2004 and 2021, we applied a System GMM method to estimate a dynamic panel model, and used 2SLS to check the robustness of our results. What we found is encouraging: digitalisation significantly boosts tax revenues from cross-border activities. Specifically, a one-unit increase in our ICT index is associated with a 0.698% rise in these revenues. Breaking it down further, mobile telephony turns out to be the most powerful driver, followed by fibre optics, fixed-line telephony, and internet penetration. These findings hold up under alternative estimation techniques. Unlike most previous research that looks at total tax revenues or domestic taxation, we zoom in specifically on revenues from international transactions; an angle that has been largely overlooked in developing economies. Our results suggest that digitalisation helps customs and tax administrations work more efficiently, improves the monitoring of cross-border trade, and ultimately strengthens a country’s ability to collect revenue. For policymakers in Sub-Saharan Africa, this means that investing in digital infrastructure; especially mobile telephony is a practical way to improve tax collection from international trade.

Key words: Digitalisation, Tax revenues, international transactions, Sub-Saharan Africa, System GMM. CODE JEL: F38; O33; P45             

Published: 2026-02-20

Makomra Valentin ¹*, Penka Jule Bertrand², Mbuh Moses Kuma², Djomo Thierry Mbong², Wandum Pascal Ndula², Musa Issa²

¹Department of Civil Engineering, National Advanced School of Public Works, P O.Box.  510 Elig-Effa street, Yaoundé,  Cameroon.

²Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, National Higher Polytechnic Institute, University of Bamenda, P O.Box. 39 Bambili Cameroon.

*Corresponding author: E-mail: mbuhmoses10@gmail.com

To Cite: Makomra et al. (2026). Utilization of Sand Deposits in Various Areas in Pavement Blocks Production with Plastic Waste Binder: A Comparative Study in Bamenda City. Journal of Tertiary and Industrial Sciences, JTIS, 6(1), 153–177. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18688485

Submission Date: 17/12/2025                                                             Acceptance Date: 13/02/2026

Abstract

This study investigates the use of plastics waste as a binder in pavement block production, combining it with various local sands and gravel. The discoveries of this study show that composites developed from Mbatu, Ndop and Wum sands display a Water Absorption Capacity (WAC) less than 6%, with Compressive Strength (CS) and Flexural Strength(FS) values between (17.2 – 20.7) MPa and (2.1 – 2.8) MPa respectively at 40% PET content which the composites can be used for outdoor space applications. The composites developed from Chomba, and Mbengwi sands exhibit a WAC less than 6%, with CS and FS values between (20.7 – 27.6) MPa and (2.8 – 4 .1) MPa respectively at 35% PET content which can be used for pedestrian walkway applications suggesting feasibility of considering this practice as a solution to plastic waste mismanagement in the town of Bamenda.

Keywords: Various sands, Gravel 5/15, PET Plastics, PET content

Emmanuel Nguidjol Nguimbous,

Laboratory of Process Engineering, University of Douala, PO Box 24157, Douala, Cameroon

Bill Vaneck Bôt^*,

Department of Environmental Engineering, National Advanced School of Publics Works, PO Box 510, Yaoundé-Cameroon

Achille Nouga Bissoue,

Laboratory of Process Engineering, University of Douala, PO Box 24157, Douala, Cameroon

Théophile Vitoussia,

Laboratory of Mechanics and Adapted Materials, Advanced Teacher’s Training College for Technical Education, PO Box 1872, Douala, Cameroon PO Box 1872, Douala, Cameroon

Pierre Loti Watat Kamga,

Laboratory of Process Engineering, University of Douala, PO Box 24157, Douala, Cameroon

David Nana Dieudjio,

Laboratory of Process Engineering, University of Douala, PO Box 24157, Douala, Cameroon Ebenezer Njeugna,

* Corresponding Author:  Bill Vaneck Bôt,

PhD at the National Advanced School of Publics Works, PO Box 510, Yaoundé-Cameroon bill.vaneck@enstp.cm,

+237 694485479

To Cite: Nguimbous et al. (2026), Assessment of physical and energetic characteristics of pellets produced from Elaeis guineensis shells, Cocos nucifera fibers and Distemonanthus benthamianus sawdust. Journal of Tertiary and Industrial Sciences, JTIS, 6(1), 133–152. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18688281

Submission Date:   03/12 /2025                                                                      Acceptation Date: 28/01/2026

Abstract

This study seeks to examine the sustainable energy valorisation of three Cameroonian biomass residues—palm nut (Elaeis guineensis)  shells, coconut (Cocos nucifera) fibres, and movingui (Distemonanthus benthamianus)  sawdust—via pelletisation. The raw materials were first dried, milled, and sieved, then formulated into pellets without any binders. Key physical and thermal characteristics, including moisture content, higher calorific value (HCV), volatile matter, ash content, and fixed carbon, were evaluated. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), coupled with differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), was applied to assess thermal behaviour. The principal results indicate that palm nut shells showed the highest calorific value (18.89 MJ/kg), whereas coconut fibres presented the lowest (16.43 MJ/kg). Among the mixtures, pellets containing 10% fibres, 30% movingui sawdust, and 60% palm nut shells (10F30M60C) displayed the greatest energy potential, with an HCV of 25.07 MJ/kg and a fixed carbon content of 24.94%. TGA profiles indicated that blended pellets decomposed over a broader temperature interval (200°C–565°C), reflecting enhanced thermal stability relative to unblended residues. The findings indicate that these biomass combinations may represent viable alternatives to firewood and fossil fuels for domestic heating, as their characteristics closely align with international references. This study contributes to sustainable biomass utilisation strategies and reinforces energy diversification efforts in sub-Saharan Africa.

Keywords: Agroforestry residues, Biomass pellets, calorific value, thermogravimetric analysis

Louis Njie Ndumbe^1*, Efou Fotindong Fabrice², and Ettagbor Hans Enukwa³

¹ – Department of Forestry and Wildlife, Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine,

University of Buea, Cameroon.

² – Department of Agriculture, Higher Technical Teachers Training College, Kumba,

University of Buea, Cameroon.

^{3 –} Department of Civil Engineering and Forestry Techniques, Higher Technical Teachers Training College, Bambili, University of Bamenda, Cameroon.

*Corresponding author

To Cite: Ndumbe et al. (2026), Cocoa Value Chain Dynamics and Agroforestry Pathways in Kumba, Cameroon: Balancing Livelihoods and Forest Conservation. Journal of Tertiary and Industrial Sciences, JTIS, 6(1), 111–132. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18685906

Submission Date: 15/11/2025                                                                                     Acceptance Date: 20/01/2026

Abstract

This study examines the cocoa market chain in Kumba Municipality, South West Region, Cameroon, with a focus on its implications for deforestation and the potential of non-timber forest product (NTFP) agroforestry systems to reconcile livelihood improvement with biodiversity conservation. Primary data were collected from 60 farmers, 15 informal intermediaries (coaxers), 15 formal intermediaries, and 3 exporters using structured questionnaires and stratified purposive sampling. Results reveal inequitable profit distribution along the chain: farmers earned 25 FCFA/kg, coaxers 55 FCFA/kg, formal intermediaries 61 FCFA/kg, and exporters 67 FCFA/kg, indicating market inefficiency. Paired sample t-tests showed that cocoa income contributions were statistically significant for coaxers and formal intermediaries (p=0.001), but not for farmers (p=0.580) or exporters (p=0.066). Key constraints included socio-political insecurity, poor road conditions, high agrochemical costs, and labour shortages. Drawing parallels with broader deforestation drivers in Cameroon’s cocoa sector, this paper argues that the existing value chain structure incentivizes forest conversion. We propose the integration of cocoa-based agroforestry systems incorporating NTFPs as a strategy to enhance farmer incomes, reduce deforestation pressure, and conserve biodiversity. Policy recommendations include road infrastructure development, conflict resolution, and support for agroforestry adoption.

Keywords: Cocoa value chain, deforestation, agroforestry, non-timber forest products (NTFPs), livelihoods, biodiversity conservation

Kingsley Nkwelle Ebako Dibo* and Oben Timothy Mbuagbo

Department of Sociology and Anthropology, FSMS, University of Buea

*Corresponding Author: kngsleynkwelle3@gmail.com

To Cite: Nkwelle & Oben (2026), Assessing the Relevance of Local Epistemological Knowledge to The Emergence of Cameroon by 2035. Journal of Tertiary and Industrial Sciences, JTIS, 6(1), 91–110. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18685810

Submission Date: 23/12/2025                                                                                     Acceptance Date: 13/02/2026

Abstract

One of the most ignored, yet probably the most important dimensions of the development problematic in Cameroon and Africa is the question of intellectual sovereignty. Intellectual sovereignty requires a fundamental paradigm shift from the consent dominant, Western epistemological framing of African socio-cultural realities to local-level understanding of African socio-cultural experiences. This requires the usage of methodological and theoretical insights that are mainly home-grown. In this regard, this paper examines the current content of the undergraduate program offered in the department of sociology and anthropology of the University of Buea. It discusses how this program remains trapped in Western social science paradigm, proposes an intellectual rupture with inherited models, and finally points the way towards a Cameroon – focused social science analysis. This is done through a careful content relevance analysis of the departmental brochure of sociology and anthropology (2022/2023 academic year) to critically assess their relevance with respect to the ambition of Cameroon to emerge economically and otherwise by 2035. On the basis of the aforementioned methodological approach, the research finding shows that the disciplines of sociology and anthropology in their current outlook are in need of novel theoretical or methodological insight grounded in local socio-historical and political realities. This social critique calls for the transformation of dominant, mainly Western and colonial, social science Paradigms which are historically ideological projects for domination and control. The outcome of this research recommends a thorough understanding not only of the resilience of colonial education in Africa, but probably more importantly, to rid the content of sociology and anthropology of coloniality of knowledge, coloniality of being and coloniality of power as advanced by decolonial theorists such as (Dussel, 2013), (Mignolo, 2011), (Quijano, 2000) and others.

Keywords: Coloniality, decolonial theorists, Emergence, Content analysis, local epistemological knowledge

EYONG AKO

Department of Organisational Sciences, Higher Institute of Commerce and Management,

University of Bamenda

,

E-mail: akorolly87@yahoo.com

ORCID Id: https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8689-6788

To Cite: EYONG (2026). The influence of Leadership Adroitness on Project Team Performance within Agribusiness Firms and Agro-industry Organizations in Bamenda, Cameroon. Journal of Tertiary and Industrial Sciences, JTIS, 6(1), 69–90. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18685753

Submission Date: 20/12/2025                                                                                     Acceptance Date: 15/02/2026

Abstract

This study investigated the influence of leadership adroitness on project team performance within agribusiness firms and agro-industry organizations in Bamenda, Cameroon. A survey research design was employed. The sample comprised 138 participants selected from a population of 211 professionals using a stratified random sampling technique. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression via SPSS Version 22. The findings revealed that Visionary Thinking and Strategic Planning (VTS) had a significant positive influence on project team performance with a coefficient of 0.1930496 (p-value=0.007), particularly in achieving project goals. Team Building and Motivation (TBM) also demonstrated a positive relationship (coefficient=0.1806692, p-value=0.060), though it was marginally non-significant at the 0.05 level, primarily impacting team productivity. Conversely, Decision-Making and Problem-Solving (DMPS) adroitness exerted a significant negative influence on team performance (coefficient=-0.1579263, p-value=0.025) negatively. Emotional intelligence (EI) of NGO leaders demonstrated suggesting that centralized or rigid problem-solving approaches may hinder cohesion in the complex agricultural landscape of the Northwest Region. Furthermore, the Emotional Intelligence (EI) of leaders showed a positive but statistically non-significant influence with a coefficient of 0.1027356 (p-value=0.125), on team adaptability. The study concludes that leadership adroitness is a critical determinant of project success in Bamenda’s agribusiness sector, though its dimensions impact performance metrics differently. It is recommended that agribusiness leaders enhance their strategic planning capabilities while adopting more delegative decision-making styles to foster better team cohesion. Additionally, formal training in emotional intelligence and motivational techniques is suggested to optimize long-term productivity and adaptability in volatile environments. These findings contribute to the theoretical understanding of leadership practices required to enhance agricultural project outcomes in challenging regional contexts.

Keywords: leadership adroitness, agribusiness firms, project team performance, productivity, team cohesion

ITUKA Walter BEKINDAKA¹, BELLO Pascal² and ELLE Narcisse³

¹ Department of Management Sciences, HTTTC Kumba, University of Buea

² Département de Sciences de Gestion, IUT, Université de Douala

³ Département de Techniques Economiques et de Gestion, ENSET, Université de Douala

Correspondence: ITUKA Walter BEKINDAKA,

Department of Management Sciences,

University of Buea, Email: ituka.walter@ubuea.cm

To Cite: ITUKA et al. (2026). The Effect of Accountability in Local Councils on the Management of Community Development Funds in Cameroon. Journal of Tertiary and Industrial Sciences, JTIS, 6(1), 53–68. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18680145

Submission Date: 15/12/2025                                                                                     Acceptance Date: 02/02/2026

Abstract

Accountability is a cornerstone of effective public financial management, particularly at the local government level where development outcomes directly affect communities. This study assesses the effect of accountability of local councils in Cameroon in the management of community development funds. Accountability in this study is examined across four dimensions: financial reporting and disclosure, oversight and monitoring, participation and responsiveness, as well as sanctions and enforcement. Using a survey of 110 respondents, descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation analysis were employed to analyse accountability practices and their interrelationships. The findings reveal very strong and statistically significant positive correlation among all accountability dimensions and overall accountability perception (r = 0.895–0.979, p < 0.01), indicating that accountability in local councils is multidimensional and mutually reinforcing. However, despite the existence of accountability mechanisms, weaknesses remain in enforcement, public access to information, and citizen participation. The study concludes that accountability in local councils is more procedural than substantive, and recommends strengthening enforcement mechanisms, enhancing transparency of financial reports, and deepening community involvement to improve the management of community development funds.

Keywords: Accountability, Local Councils, Community Development Funds, Financial Management, Cameroon

NDONMBOU Maurice Merlin

mndonmbou@yahoo.fr

Université de Douala(Cameroun)

To Cite: NDONMBOU (2026). Les Pratiques Africaines de RSE dans le Secteur de la Microfinance: le Cas des MUFID au Cameroun. Journal of tertiary and industrial sciences, JTIS, 6(1), 31–52. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18680041

Submission Date: 20/11/2025                                                                                     Acceptance Date: 02/02/2026

Abstract

Although CSR is a relatively recent concept in Africa, the limited research on the subject has generally approached CSR through the lens of theoretical and normative frameworks imported from the West, which can obscure certain local realities or even a local approach to social responsibility. From this perspective, the objective of this article is to identify corporate social responsibility practices specific to Africa, at least in their implementation, using the case of MUFID in Cameroon. To this end, a content analysis was conducted using NVivo 10 software on the corpus consisting of the internal regulatory framework, interviews, and other documents. The analysis reveals firstly, that MUFID has specific regulatory provisions related to CSR within the framework of sectoral regulations; however, international CSR standards or references are not mentioned in MUFID’s discourse or written materials. Furthermore, in accordance with the above, it is observed that the CSR implemented in MUFIDs stems from a community-based approach, with each MUFID embedded within its community. The family, the village, and village dignitaries are valued stakeholders, even more so than ordinary stakeholders. The legalization of the establishment of a community development fund, the consideration of community customs and traditions, the legal recognition of the social dimension of employees, and the empowerment of elders and other key members of the community are among the defining characteristics of this African and therefore community-based approach to CSR. We advocate for the recognition of the international significance of African corporate social responsibility practices.

Keywords: African CSR practices – Community – Solidarity – Nvivo 10

Résumé

Bien que la RSE soit un concept relativement récent en Afrique, le peu de recherches qui s’y sont consacrées ont généralement appréhendé la RSE à la lumière des cadres théoriques et normatifs importés de l’occident, ce qui peut occulter certaines réalités locales voire une approche locale de responsabilité sociétale. Dans cette perspective, l’objectif du présent article est d’identifier les pratiques de responsabilité sociétale des entreprises spécifiques à l’Afrique ne serait-ce que dans leur déclinaison, ce à partir du cas des MUFID au Cameroun. Pour ce faire, une analyse de contenu via le logiciel NVIVO 10 a été faite sur le corpus constitué du cadre réglementaire interne et des entretiens et autres documents. Il en ressort d’une part que les MUFID ont des dispositions réglementaires spécifiques en relation avec la RSE au regard de la réglementation sectorielle ; les normes ou références internationales de RSE ne figurent aucunement dans les discours ou écrits des MUFID. D’autre part, Conformément à ce qui précède, le constat est que la RSE en œuvre dans les MUFID relève de l’approche communautaire, chaque MUFID étant encastrée dans sa communauté. La famille, le village et les dignitaires du village sont des parties prenantes assez valorisées au-delà des parties prenantes ordinaires. La légalisation de la constitution d’un fonds de développement communautaire, la prise en compte des us et coutumes de la communauté, la légalisation de la dimension sociale du salarié, la valorisation des ainés et des forces vives de la communauté sont entre autres les traits marquant de cette approche africaine et donc communautaire de la RSE. Nous plaidons pour la reconnaissance de la portée internationale des pratiques africaines de responsabilité sociétale des entreprises.

Mots-clés : Pratiques africaines, RSE, Communauté, Solidarité, Nvivo 10